The reason and improvement process of loading motor arm slowing down

Nov 1st,2024 711 Views

Small loaders generally adopt the cycle operation mode, and the boom lifting time is an important parameter of the working cycle.

Reasonably shortening the lifting time of the arm can effectively improve the working efficiency of small loaders and speed up the work progress on site. Our company trial production of a small loader, in the test process after assembly, the arm lower slowly. The design of the small loader requires the arm lowering time to be 3.5s, and the actual measurement value is 5s. The hydraulic circuit of small loading motor arm is composed of working pump, reversing valve, boom cylinder, etc.

Taking the process of boom lowering as an example, the working principle of the boom hydraulic circuit is explained. Operate the main rocker and move the reversing valve center to the boom lower position.

At this time, the output pressure oil flow from the oil hole P of the working pump enters the oil hole P1 and the internal channel of the reversing valve through the reversing valve. The oil hole A2 of the reversing valve and the oil hole A3 of the rod cavity of the boom cylinder enter the rod cavity and push the piston rod to move from the rod cavity to the rodless cavity. The hydraulic oil flows from the rodless cavity of the boom cylinder through the rodless cavity oil hole B3, reversing valve oil hole B2, reversing valve internal channel, reversing valve oil hole MT back to the hydraulic tank.

Based on the failure of the small loader and the working principle of the arm hydraulic system, we suspect that there is a problem with the pump oil back pressure of the arm hydraulic system. Therefore, in the case of small loaders with no load, we carried out a comprehensive test of the pressure of the arm hydraulic system. When the moving arm is reduced, the average pressure value of each oil hole calculates the pressure loss: the pressure at the boom cylinder port B3 is 3.5MPa, the pressure at the reversing valve port B2 is 2.5MPa, and the pressure loss from port B3 to port B2 of the reversing valve is 1.0MPa. The pressure of MT port of reversing valve is 0.7MPa, and the pressure loss from B2 port of reversing valve to MT port of reversing valve is 1.8MPa; The pressure at T port of the reversing valve is 0MPa, and the pressure loss from MT port to T port of the reversing valve is 0.7MPa.

Through testing and calculation, it can be seen that the pressure loss of each part of the hydraulic system of the moving arm is slightly larger, resulting in slightly larger pump oil back pressure of the hydraulic system of the moving arm.

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